Merge branch 'main' of https://gitea.sh3d.com.au/sh3d/VictronBLE

.gitignore

@@ -66,3 +66,5 @@ __pycache__/
 .Python
 venv/
 env/
+
+*.tar.gz

TODO

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Misc Stuff
+
+* Consider support for upper/lower case MAC address and optionaly ":"
+* Scanning - list devices publishing, should be able to get list even without knowing MAC / Encryption key
+* Struct vs Manual
+    * Sh3dNg version and examples uses structs to get data - seems to work
+    * Example generated uses manually managing a string
+    * Reconsider what is best and use

examples/MultiDevice/platformio.ini

@@ -26,13 +26,125 @@ platform = espressif32
 board = esp32-s3-devkitc-1
 framework = arduino
 monitor_speed = 115200
+monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 build_flags =
-    -DCORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=3
+#    -DCORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=3
+
+[env:esp32-s3-debug]
+platform = espressif32
+board = esp32-s3-devkitc-1
+framework = arduino
+#monitor_speed = 115200
+#monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
+upload_protocol = esp-builtin
+
+; Debug configuration for GDB
+debug_tool = esp-builtin
+debug_init_break = tbreak setup
+debug_speed = 5000
+debug_load_mode = always
+
+; Build flags for debugging
+build_flags =
+    -DCORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=5    ; Maximum ESP32 debug level
+    -O0                      ; Disable optimization for debugging
+    -g3                      ; Maximum debug information
+build_type = debug
 
 [env:esp32-c3]
 platform = espressif32
+framework = arduino
+board = esp32-c3-devkitm-1
+board_build.mcu = esp32c3
+board_build.f_cpu = 160000000L
+board_build.flash_mode = dio
+board_build.partitions = default.csv
+monitor_speed = 115200
+monitor_filters = time, default, esp32_exception_decoder
+upload_speed = 921600
+# NOTE: Need these two ARDUIO_USB modes to work with serial
+build_flags =
+    -Os
+    -I src
+    -D ARDUINO_ESP32C3_DEV
+    -D CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3
+    -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1
+    -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1
+lib_deps =
+    elapsedMillis
+
+[env:esp32-c3-debug]
+platform = espressif32
 board = esp32-c3-devkitc-02
 framework = arduino
 monitor_speed = 115200
+
+; Upload configuration
+upload_protocol = esp-builtin
+
+; Debug configuration for GDB
+debug_tool = esp-builtin
+debug_init_break = tbreak setup
+debug_speed = 5000
+debug_load_mode = always
+
+; Build flags for debugging
 build_flags =
-    -DCORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=3
+    -DCORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=5    ; Maximum ESP32 debug level
+    -O0                      ; Disable optimization for debugging
+    -g3                      ; Maximum debug information
+build_type = debug
+
+[env:m5stick]
+platform = espressif32
+board = m5stick-c
+framework = arduino
+board_build.mcu = esp32
+board_build.f_cpu = 240000000L
+board_build.partitions = no_ota.csv
+#upload_protocol = espota
+#upload_port = Button.local
+monitor_speed = 115200
+monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
+#debug_tool = esp-prog ; esp-bridge, esp-prog  ; or ftdi, esp-builtin, jlink, etc.
+# debug_speed = 5000     ; optional: JTAG speed in kHz
+#build_flags =
+#	-DCORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=5    ; ESP32 debug level
+#	-O0                      ; no optimization
+#	-g3                      ; max debug info
+build_flags =
+	-Os
+lib_deps =
+    M5StickC
+    elapsedMillis
+    TaskScheduler
+    Button2
+    ArduinoJson
+    https://github.com/scottp/PsychicHttp.git
+
+
+[env:tough]
+board = m5stack-core2
+board_build.mcu = esp32
+platform = espressif32
+framework = arduino
+monitor_speed = 115200
+monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
+debug_tool = esp-bridge ; esp-bridge, esp-prog  ; or ftdi, esp-builtin, jlink, etc.
+# debug_speed = 5000     ; optional: JTAG speed in kHz
+build_flags =
+	-DCORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=5    ; ESP32 debug level
+	-O0                      ; no optimization
+	-g3                      ; max debug info
+    -DARDUINO_M5STACK_TOUGH
+    -DDISPLAY_WIDTH=320
+    -DDISPLAY_HEIGHT=240
+    -DHAS_TOUCH=1
+    -DBUFFER_LINES=10
+lib_deps =
+    M5Unified
+    elapsedMillis
+    TaskScheduler
+    Button2
+    ArduinoJson
+    https://github.com/scottp/PsychicHttp.git

examples/MultiDevice/src/main.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 /**
  * VictronBLE Example
- * 
+ *
  * This example demonstrates how to use the VictronBLE library to read data
  * from multiple Victron devices simultaneously.
- * 
+ *
  * Hardware Requirements:
  * - ESP32 board
  * - Victron devices with BLE (SmartSolar, SmartShunt, etc.)
- * 
+ *
  * Setup:
  * 1. Get your device encryption keys from the VictronConnect app:
  *    - Open VictronConnect
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
  *    - Enable "Instant readout via Bluetooth"
  *    - Click "Show" next to "Instant readout details"
  *    - Copy the encryption key (32 hex characters)
- * 
+ *
  * 2. Update the device configurations below with your devices' MAC addresses
  *    and encryption keys
  */
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public:
         }
         Serial.println("Last Update: " + String((millis() - data.lastUpdate) / 1000) + "s ago");
     }
-    
+
     void onBatteryMonitorData(const BatteryMonitorData& data) override {
         Serial.println("\n=== Battery Monitor: " + data.deviceName + " ===");
         Serial.println("MAC: " + data.macAddress);
@@ -54,20 +54,20 @@ public:
         Serial.println("Current: " + String(data.current, 2) + " A");
         Serial.println("SOC: " + String(data.soc, 1) + " %");
         Serial.println("Consumed: " + String(data.consumedAh, 2) + " Ah");
-        
+
         if (data.remainingMinutes < 65535) {
             int hours = data.remainingMinutes / 60;
             int mins = data.remainingMinutes % 60;
             Serial.println("Time Remaining: " + String(hours) + "h " + String(mins) + "m");
         }
-        
+
         if (data.temperature > 0) {
             Serial.println("Temperature: " + String(data.temperature, 1) + " °C");
         }
         if (data.auxVoltage > 0) {
             Serial.println("Aux Voltage: " + String(data.auxVoltage, 2) + " V");
         }
-        
+
         // Print alarms
         if (data.alarmLowVoltage || data.alarmHighVoltage || data.alarmLowSOC ||
             data.alarmLowTemperature || data.alarmHighTemperature) {
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ public:
             if (data.alarmHighTemperature) Serial.print("HIGH-TEMP ");
             Serial.println();
         }
-        
+
         Serial.println("Last Update: " + String((millis() - data.lastUpdate) / 1000) + "s ago");
     }
-    
+
     void onInverterData(const InverterData& data) override {
         Serial.println("\n=== Inverter/Charger: " + data.deviceName + " ===");
         Serial.println("MAC: " + data.macAddress);
@@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ public:
         Serial.println("Current: " + String(data.batteryCurrent, 2) + " A");
         Serial.println("AC Power: " + String(data.acPower) + " W");
         Serial.println("State: " + String(data.state));
-        
+
         // Print alarms
-        if (data.alarmLowVoltage || data.alarmHighVoltage || 
+        if (data.alarmLowVoltage || data.alarmHighVoltage ||
             data.alarmHighTemperature || data.alarmOverload) {
             Serial.print("ALARMS: ");
             if (data.alarmLowVoltage) Serial.print("LOW-V ");
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ public:
             if (data.alarmOverload) Serial.print("OVERLOAD ");
             Serial.println();
         }
-        
+
         Serial.println("Last Update: " + String((millis() - data.lastUpdate) / 1000) + "s ago");
     }
-    
+
     void onDCDCConverterData(const DCDCConverterData& data) override {
         Serial.println("\n=== DC-DC Converter: " + data.deviceName + " ===");
         Serial.println("MAC: " + data.macAddress);
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public:
         }
         Serial.println("Last Update: " + String((millis() - data.lastUpdate) / 1000) + "s ago");
     }
-    
+
 private:
     String getChargeStateName(SolarChargerState state) {
         switch (state) {
@@ -144,59 +144,107 @@ MyVictronCallback callback;
 void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
     delay(1000);
-    
+
     Serial.println("\n\n=================================");
     Serial.println("VictronBLE Multi-Device Example");
     Serial.println("=================================\n");
-    
+
     // Initialize VictronBLE with 5 second scan duration
     if (!victron.begin(5)) {
         Serial.println("ERROR: Failed to initialize VictronBLE!");
         Serial.println(victron.getLastError());
         while (1) delay(1000);
     }
-    
+
     // Enable debug output (optional)
     victron.setDebug(true);
-    
+
     // Set callback for data updates
     victron.setCallback(&callback);
-    
+
     // Add your devices here
     // Replace with your actual MAC addresses and encryption keys
-    
+
+    // Temporary - Scott Example
+    victron.addDevice(
+        "Rainbow48V",                              // Device name
+        "E4:05:42:34:14:F3",                        // MAC address
+        "0ec3adf7433dd61793ff2f3b8ad32ed8",         // Encryption key (32 hex chars)
+        DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER                    // Device type
+    );
+
+    victron.addDevice(
+        "Rainbow48Vb",                              // Device name
+        "3ffd00b83ffd00be",
+        "0ec3adf7433dd61793ff2f3b8ad32ed8",         // Encryption key (32 hex chars)
+        DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER                    // Device type
+    );
+
+    // WHY this one work?
+    victron.addDevice(
+        "Rainbow48Vc",                              // Device name
+        "3ffd00a83ffd00ae",
+        "0ec3adf7433dd61793ff2f3b8ad32ed8",         // Encryption key (32 hex chars)
+        DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER                    // Device type
+    );
+
+    /*
+     *
+     [VictronBLE] Encrypted data: A0 01 83 2C 0E CF D6 04 89 72 6E 81 56 E4 2D F1 83
+     [VictronBLE] IV: 02 58 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+     [VictronBLE] Decrypted data: E1 1C 99 32 D5 7E 81 A3 EB 8C 25 97 3E 0E DD 2D C4
+     [VictronBLE] Unknown device type: 0x10
+     [VictronBLE] BLE Device: 3ffd0148:3ffd014e, RSSI: -27 dBm
+     [VictronBLE] BLE Device: 3ffd0148:3ffd014e, RSSI: -81 dBm, Mfg ID: 0x2e1 (Victron)
+     [VictronBLE] Processing data from: Rainbow48Vc
+     [VictronBLE] Encrypted data: A0 01 83 2C 0E CF D6 04 89 72 6E 81 56 E4 2D F1 83
+     [VictronBLE] IV: 02 58 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+     [VictronBLE] Decrypted data: E1 1C 99 32 D5 7E 81 A3 EB 8C 25 97 3E 0E DD 2D C4
+     [VictronBLE] Unknown device type: 0x10
+     [VictronBLE] BLE Device: 3ffd0148:3ffd014e, RSSI: -49 dBm, Mfg ID: 0x75
+     [VictronBLE] BLE Device: 3ffd0148:3ffd014e, RSSI: -26 dBm
+     */
+
     // Example: Solar Charger #1
+    /*
     victron.addDevice(
         "MPPT 100/30",                              // Device name
         "E7:48:D4:28:B7:9C",                        // MAC address
         "0df4d0395b7d1a876c0c33ecb9e70dcd",         // Encryption key (32 hex chars)
         DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER                    // Device type
     );
-    
+    */
+
     // Example: Solar Charger #2
+    /*
     victron.addDevice(
         "MPPT 75/15",
         "AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF",
         "1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef",
         DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER
     );
-    
+    */
+
     // Example: Battery Monitor (SmartShunt)
+    /*
     victron.addDevice(
         "SmartShunt",
         "11:22:33:44:55:66",
         "fedcba0987654321fedcba0987654321",
         DEVICE_TYPE_BATTERY_MONITOR
     );
-    
+    */
+
     // Example: Inverter/Charger
+    /*
     victron.addDevice(
         "MultiPlus",
         "99:88:77:66:55:44",
         "abcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefab",
         DEVICE_TYPE_INVERTER
     );
-    
+    */
+
     Serial.println("Configured " + String(victron.getDeviceCount()) + " devices");
     Serial.println("\nStarting BLE scan...\n");
 }
@@ -204,7 +252,7 @@ void setup() {
 void loop() {
     // Process BLE scanning and data updates
     victron.loop();
-    
+
     // Optional: You can also manually query device data
     // This is useful if you're not using callbacks
     /*
@@ -212,13 +260,13 @@ void loop() {
     if (victron.getSolarChargerData("E7:48:D4:28:B7:9C", solarData)) {
         // Do something with solarData
     }
-    
+
     BatteryMonitorData batteryData;
     if (victron.getBatteryMonitorData("11:22:33:44:55:66", batteryData)) {
         // Do something with batteryData
     }
     */
-    
+
     // Add a small delay to avoid overwhelming the serial output
     delay(100);
 }

library.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "VictronBLE",
-  "version": "0.1.1",
+  "version": "0.1.2",
   "description": "ESP32 library for reading Victron Energy device data via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) advertisements. Supports SmartSolar MPPT, SmartShunt, BMV, MultiPlus, Orion and other Victron devices.",
   "keywords": "victron, ble, bluetooth, solar, mppt, battery, smartshunt, smartsolar, bmv, inverter, multiplus, esp32, iot, energy, monitoring",
   "repository": {

src/VictronBLE.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * VictronBLE - ESP32 library for Victron Energy BLE devices
  * Implementation file
- * 
+ *
  * Copyright (c) 2025 Scott Penrose
  * License: MIT
  */
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 #include "VictronBLE.h"
 
 // Constructor
-VictronBLE::VictronBLE() 
+VictronBLE::VictronBLE()
-    : pBLEScan(nullptr), callback(nullptr), debugEnabled(false), 
+    : pBLEScan(nullptr), callback(nullptr), debugEnabled(false),
       scanDuration(5), initialized(false) {
 }
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ VictronBLE::~VictronBLE() {
         delete pair.second;
     }
     devices.clear();
-    
+
     if (pBLEScan) {
         pBLEScan->stop();
     }
@@ -32,27 +32,27 @@ bool VictronBLE::begin(uint32_t scanDuration) {
         debugPrint("VictronBLE already initialized");
         return true;
     }
-    
+
     this->scanDuration = scanDuration;
-    
+
     debugPrint("Initializing VictronBLE...");
-    
+
     BLEDevice::init("VictronBLE");
     pBLEScan = BLEDevice::getScan();
-    
+
     if (!pBLEScan) {
         lastError = "Failed to create BLE scanner";
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     pBLEScan->setAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(new VictronBLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(this), true);
     pBLEScan->setActiveScan(false); // Passive scan - lower power
     pBLEScan->setInterval(100);
     pBLEScan->setWindow(99);
-    
+
     initialized = true;
     debugPrint("VictronBLE initialized successfully");
-    
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -62,42 +62,42 @@ bool VictronBLE::addDevice(const VictronDeviceConfig& config) {
         lastError = "MAC address cannot be empty";
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     if (config.encryptionKey.length() != 32) {
         lastError = "Encryption key must be 32 hex characters";
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     String normalizedMAC = normalizeMAC(config.macAddress);
-    
+
     // Check if device already exists
     if (devices.find(normalizedMAC) != devices.end()) {
         debugPrint("Device " + normalizedMAC + " already exists, updating config");
         delete devices[normalizedMAC];
     }
-    
+
     DeviceInfo* info = new DeviceInfo();
     info->config = config;
     info->config.macAddress = normalizedMAC;
-    
+
     // Convert encryption key from hex string to bytes
     if (!hexStringToBytes(config.encryptionKey, info->encryptionKeyBytes, 16)) {
         lastError = "Invalid encryption key format";
         delete info;
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     // Create appropriate data structure based on device type
     info->data = createDeviceData(config.expectedType);
     if (info->data) {
         info->data->macAddress = normalizedMAC;
         info->data->deviceName = config.name;
     }
-    
+
     devices[normalizedMAC] = info;
-    
+
     debugPrint("Added device: " + config.name + " (" + normalizedMAC + ")");
-    
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ bool VictronBLE::addDevice(String name, String macAddress, String encryptionKey,
 // Remove a device
 void VictronBLE::removeDevice(String macAddress) {
     String normalizedMAC = normalizeMAC(macAddress);
-    
+
     auto it = devices.find(normalizedMAC);
     if (it != devices.end()) {
         delete it->second;
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ void VictronBLE::loop() {
     if (!initialized) {
         return;
     }
-    
+
     // Start a scan
     BLEScanResults scanResults = pBLEScan->start(scanDuration, false);
     pBLEScan->clearResults();
@@ -133,6 +133,30 @@ void VictronBLE::loop() {
 // BLE callback implementation
 void VictronBLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks::onResult(BLEAdvertisedDevice advertisedDevice) {
     if (victronBLE) {
+        // Debug: Log all discovered BLE devices
+        if (victronBLE->debugEnabled) {
+            String mac = victronBLE->macAddressToString(advertisedDevice.getAddress());
+            String debugMsg = "BLE Device: " + mac;
+            debugMsg += ", RSSI: " + String(advertisedDevice.getRSSI()) + " dBm";
+
+            if (advertisedDevice.haveName()) {
+                debugMsg += ", Name: " + String(advertisedDevice.getName().c_str());
+            }
+
+            if (advertisedDevice.haveManufacturerData()) {
+                std::string mfgData = advertisedDevice.getManufacturerData();
+                if (mfgData.length() >= 2) {
+                    uint16_t mfgId = (uint8_t)mfgData[1] << 8 | (uint8_t)mfgData[0];
+                    debugMsg += ", Mfg ID: 0x" + String(mfgId, HEX);
+                    if (mfgId == VICTRON_MANUFACTURER_ID) {
+                        debugMsg += " (Victron)";
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            victronBLE->debugPrint(debugMsg);
+        }
+
         victronBLE->processDevice(advertisedDevice);
     }
 }
@@ -141,33 +165,64 @@ void VictronBLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks::onResult(BLEAdvertisedDevice advertise
 void VictronBLE::processDevice(BLEAdvertisedDevice advertisedDevice) {
     String mac = macAddressToString(advertisedDevice.getAddress());
     String normalizedMAC = normalizeMAC(mac);
-    
+
     // Check if this is one of our configured devices
     auto it = devices.find(normalizedMAC);
     if (it == devices.end()) {
+
+        // XXX Check if the device is a Victron device
+        //  This needs lots of improvemet and only do in debug
+        if (advertisedDevice.haveManufacturerData()) {
+            std::string mfgData = advertisedDevice.getManufacturerData();
+            if (mfgData.length() >= 2) {
+                uint16_t mfgId = (uint8_t)mfgData[1] << 8 | (uint8_t)mfgData[0];
+                if (mfgId == VICTRON_MANUFACTURER_ID) {
+                    debugPrint("Found unmonitored Victron Device: " + normalizeMAC(mac));
+                    // DeviceInfo* deviceInfo = new DeviceInfo(mac, advertisedDevice.getName());
+                    // devices.insert({normalizedMAC, deviceInfo});
+                    // XXX What type of Victron device is it?
+                    // Check if it's a Victron Energy device
+                    /*
+                    if (advertisedDevice.haveServiceData()) {
+                        std::string serviceData = advertisedDevice.getServiceData();
+                        if (serviceData.length() >= 2) {
+                            uint16_t serviceId = (uint8_t)serviceData[1] << 8 | (uint8_t)serviceData[0];
+                            if (serviceId == VICTRON_ENERGY_SERVICE_ID) {
+                                debugPrint("Found Victron Energy Device: " + mac);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    */
+
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         return; // Not a device we're monitoring
     }
-    
+
     DeviceInfo* deviceInfo = it->second;
-    
+
     // Check if device has manufacturer data
     if (!advertisedDevice.haveManufacturerData()) {
         return;
     }
-    
+
     std::string mfgData = advertisedDevice.getManufacturerData();
     if (mfgData.length() < 2) {
         return;
     }
-    
+
+    // XXX Use struct like code in Sh3dNg
+
     // Check if it's Victron (manufacturer ID 0x02E1)
     uint16_t mfgId = (uint8_t)mfgData[1] << 8 | (uint8_t)mfgData[0];
     if (mfgId != VICTRON_MANUFACTURER_ID) {
         return;
     }
-    
+
     debugPrint("Processing data from: " + deviceInfo->config.name);
-    
+
     // Parse the advertisement
     if (parseAdvertisement((const uint8_t*)mfgData.data(), mfgData.length(), normalizedMAC)) {
         // Update RSSI
@@ -183,64 +238,79 @@ bool VictronBLE::parseAdvertisement(const uint8_t* manufacturerData, size_t len,
                                     const String& macAddress) {
     auto it = devices.find(macAddress);
     if (it == devices.end()) {
+        debugPrint("parseAdvertisement: Device not found");
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     DeviceInfo* deviceInfo = it->second;
-    
+
-    if (len < 6) {
+    // Verify minimum size for victronManufacturerData struct
-        debugPrint("Manufacturer data too short");
+    if (len < sizeof(victronManufacturerData)) {
+        debugPrint("Manufacturer data too short: " + String(len) + " bytes");
         return false;
     }
-    
+
-    // Structure: [MfgID(2)] [DeviceType(1)] [IV(2)] [EncryptedData(n)]
+    // Cast manufacturer data to struct for easy access
-    uint8_t deviceType = manufacturerData[2];
+    const victronManufacturerData* vicData = (const victronManufacturerData*)manufacturerData;
-    
+
-    // Extract IV (initialization vector) - bytes 3-4, little-endian
-    uint8_t iv[16] = {0};
-    iv[0] = manufacturerData[3];
-    iv[1] = manufacturerData[4];
-    // Rest of IV is zero-padded
-    
-    // Encrypted data starts at byte 5
-    const uint8_t* encryptedData = manufacturerData + 5;
-    size_t encryptedLen = len - 5;
-    
     if (debugEnabled) {
-        debugPrintHex("Encrypted data", encryptedData, encryptedLen);
+        debugPrint("Vendor ID: 0x" + String(vicData->vendorID, HEX));
-        debugPrintHex("IV", iv, 16);
+        debugPrint("Beacon Type: 0x" + String(vicData->beaconType, HEX));
+        debugPrint("Model ID: 0x" + String(vicData->modelID, HEX));
+        debugPrint("Readout Type: 0x" + String(vicData->readoutType, HEX));
+        debugPrint("Record Type: 0x" + String(vicData->victronRecordType, HEX));
+        debugPrint("Nonce: 0x" + String(vicData->nonceDataCounter, HEX));
     }
-    
+
+    // Get device type from record type field
+    uint8_t deviceType = vicData->victronRecordType;
+
+    // Build IV (initialization vector) from nonce
+    // IV is 16 bytes: nonce (2 bytes little-endian) + zeros (14 bytes)
+    uint8_t iv[16] = {0};
+    iv[0] = vicData->nonceDataCounter & 0xFF;        // Low byte
+    iv[1] = (vicData->nonceDataCounter >> 8) & 0xFF; // High byte
+    // Remaining bytes stay zero
+
+    // Get pointer to encrypted data
+    const uint8_t* encryptedData = vicData->victronEncryptedData;
+    size_t encryptedLen = sizeof(vicData->victronEncryptedData);
+
+    if (debugEnabled) {
+        debugPrintHex("IV", iv, 16);
+        debugPrintHex("Encrypted data", encryptedData, encryptedLen);
+    }
+
     // Decrypt the data
     uint8_t decrypted[32]; // Max expected size
-    if (!decryptAdvertisement(encryptedData, encryptedLen, 
+    if (!decryptAdvertisement(encryptedData, encryptedLen,
                               deviceInfo->encryptionKeyBytes, iv, decrypted)) {
         lastError = "Decryption failed";
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     if (debugEnabled) {
         debugPrintHex("Decrypted data", decrypted, encryptedLen);
     }
-    
+
     // Parse based on device type
     bool parseOk = false;
-    
+
     switch (deviceType) {
         case DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER:
             if (deviceInfo->data && deviceInfo->data->deviceType == DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER) {
-                parseOk = parseSolarCharger(decrypted, encryptedLen, 
+                parseOk = parseSolarCharger(decrypted, encryptedLen,
                                            *(SolarChargerData*)deviceInfo->data);
             }
             break;
-            
+
         case DEVICE_TYPE_BATTERY_MONITOR:
             if (deviceInfo->data && deviceInfo->data->deviceType == DEVICE_TYPE_BATTERY_MONITOR) {
                 parseOk = parseBatteryMonitor(decrypted, encryptedLen,
                                              *(BatteryMonitorData*)deviceInfo->data);
             }
             break;
-            
+
         case DEVICE_TYPE_INVERTER:
         case DEVICE_TYPE_INVERTER_RS:
         case DEVICE_TYPE_MULTI_RS:
@@ -250,22 +320,22 @@ bool VictronBLE::parseAdvertisement(const uint8_t* manufacturerData, size_t len,
                                        *(InverterData*)deviceInfo->data);
             }
             break;
-            
+
         case DEVICE_TYPE_DCDC_CONVERTER:
             if (deviceInfo->data && deviceInfo->data->deviceType == DEVICE_TYPE_DCDC_CONVERTER) {
                 parseOk = parseDCDCConverter(decrypted, encryptedLen,
                                             *(DCDCConverterData*)deviceInfo->data);
             }
             break;
-            
+
         default:
             debugPrint("Unknown device type: 0x" + String(deviceType, HEX));
             return false;
     }
-    
+
     if (parseOk && deviceInfo->data) {
         deviceInfo->data->dataValid = true;
-        
+
         // Call appropriate callback
         if (callback) {
             switch (deviceType) {
@@ -287,7 +357,7 @@ bool VictronBLE::parseAdvertisement(const uint8_t* manufacturerData, size_t len,
             }
         }
     }
-    
+
     return parseOk;
 }
 
@@ -297,197 +367,208 @@ bool VictronBLE::decryptAdvertisement(const uint8_t* encrypted, size_t encLen,
                                       uint8_t* decrypted) {
     mbedtls_aes_context aes;
     mbedtls_aes_init(&aes);
-    
+
     // Set encryption key
     int ret = mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, key, 128);
     if (ret != 0) {
         mbedtls_aes_free(&aes);
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     // AES-CTR decryption
     size_t nc_off = 0;
     uint8_t nonce_counter[16];
     uint8_t stream_block[16];
-    
+
     memcpy(nonce_counter, iv, 16);
     memset(stream_block, 0, 16);
-    
+
     ret = mbedtls_aes_crypt_ctr(&aes, encLen, &nc_off, nonce_counter,
                                  stream_block, encrypted, decrypted);
-    
+
     mbedtls_aes_free(&aes);
-    
+
     return (ret == 0);
 }
 
 // Parse Solar Charger data
 bool VictronBLE::parseSolarCharger(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, SolarChargerData& result) {
-    if (len < 12) {
+    if (len < sizeof(victronSolarChargerPayload)) {
-        debugPrint("Solar charger data too short");
+        debugPrint("Solar charger data too short: " + String(len) + " bytes");
         return false;
     }
-    
+
-    // Byte 0: Charge state
+    // Cast decrypted data to struct for easy access
-    result.chargeState = (SolarChargerState)data[0];
+    const victronSolarChargerPayload* payload = (const victronSolarChargerPayload*)data;
-    
+
-    // Bytes 1-2: Battery voltage (10 mV units)
+    // Parse charge state
-    uint16_t vBat = data[1] | (data[2] << 8);
+    result.chargeState = (SolarChargerState)payload->deviceState;
-    result.batteryVoltage = vBat * 0.01f;
+
-    
+    // Parse battery voltage (10 mV units -> volts)
-    // Bytes 3-4: Battery current (10 mA units, signed)
+    result.batteryVoltage = payload->batteryVoltage * 0.01f;
-    int16_t iBat = (int16_t)(data[3] | (data[4] << 8));
+
-    result.batteryCurrent = iBat * 0.01f;
+    // Parse battery current (10 mA units, signed -> amps)
-    
+    result.batteryCurrent = payload->batteryCurrent * 0.01f;
-    // Bytes 5-6: Yield today (10 Wh units)
+
-    uint16_t yield = data[5] | (data[6] << 8);
+    // Parse yield today (10 Wh units -> Wh)
-    result.yieldToday = yield * 10;
+    result.yieldToday = payload->yieldToday * 10;
-    
+
-    // Bytes 7-8: PV power (1 W units)
+    // Parse PV power (1 W units)
-    uint16_t pvPower = data[7] | (data[8] << 8);
+    result.panelPower = payload->inputPower;
-    result.panelPower = pvPower;
+
-    
+    // Parse load current (10 mA units -> amps, 0xFFFF = no load)
-    // Bytes 9-10: Load current (10 mA units)
+    if (payload->loadCurrent != 0xFFFF) {
-    uint16_t iLoad = data[9] | (data[10] << 8);
+        result.loadCurrent = payload->loadCurrent * 0.01f;
-    if (iLoad != 0xFFFF) { // 0xFFFF means no load output
+    } else {
-        result.loadCurrent = iLoad * 0.01f;
+        result.loadCurrent = 0;
     }
-    
+
     // Calculate PV voltage from power and current (if current > 0)
     if (result.batteryCurrent > 0.1f) {
         result.panelVoltage = result.panelPower / result.batteryCurrent;
+    } else {
+        result.panelVoltage = 0;
     }
-    
+
     debugPrint("Solar Charger: " + String(result.batteryVoltage, 2) + "V, " +
                String(result.batteryCurrent, 2) + "A, " +
                String(result.panelPower) + "W, State: " + String(result.chargeState));
-    
+
     return true;
 }
 
-// Parse Battery Monitor data  
+// Parse Battery Monitor data
 bool VictronBLE::parseBatteryMonitor(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, BatteryMonitorData& result) {
-    if (len < 15) {
+    if (len < sizeof(victronBatteryMonitorPayload)) {
-        debugPrint("Battery monitor data too short");
+        debugPrint("Battery monitor data too short: " + String(len) + " bytes");
         return false;
     }
-    
+
-    // Bytes 0-1: Remaining time (1 minute units)
+    // Cast decrypted data to struct for easy access
-    uint16_t timeRemaining = data[0] | (data[1] << 8);
+    const victronBatteryMonitorPayload* payload = (const victronBatteryMonitorPayload*)data;
-    result.remainingMinutes = timeRemaining;
+
-    
+    // Parse remaining time (1 minute units)
-    // Bytes 2-3: Battery voltage (10 mV units)
+    result.remainingMinutes = payload->remainingMins;
-    uint16_t vBat = data[2] | (data[3] << 8);
+
-    result.voltage = vBat * 0.01f;
+    // Parse battery voltage (10 mV units -> volts)
-    
+    result.voltage = payload->batteryVoltage * 0.01f;
-    // Byte 4: Alarms
+
-    uint8_t alarms = data[4];
+    // Parse alarm bits
-    result.alarmLowVoltage = (alarms & 0x01) != 0;
+    result.alarmLowVoltage = (payload->alarms & 0x01) != 0;
-    result.alarmHighVoltage = (alarms & 0x02) != 0;
+    result.alarmHighVoltage = (payload->alarms & 0x02) != 0;
-    result.alarmLowSOC = (alarms & 0x04) != 0;
+    result.alarmLowSOC = (payload->alarms & 0x04) != 0;
-    result.alarmLowTemperature = (alarms & 0x10) != 0;
+    result.alarmLowTemperature = (payload->alarms & 0x10) != 0;
-    result.alarmHighTemperature = (alarms & 0x20) != 0;
+    result.alarmHighTemperature = (payload->alarms & 0x20) != 0;
-    
+
-    // Bytes 5-6: Aux voltage/temperature (10 mV or 0.01K units)
+    // Parse aux data: voltage (10 mV units) or temperature (0.01K units)
-    uint16_t aux = data[5] | (data[6] << 8);
+    if (payload->auxData < 3000) { // If < 30V, it's voltage
-    if (aux < 3000) { // If < 30V, it's voltage
+        result.auxVoltage = payload->auxData * 0.01f;
-        result.auxVoltage = aux * 0.01f;
         result.temperature = 0;
     } else { // Otherwise temperature in 0.01 Kelvin
-        result.temperature = (aux * 0.01f) - 273.15f;
+        result.temperature = (payload->auxData * 0.01f) - 273.15f;
         result.auxVoltage = 0;
     }
-    
+
-    // Bytes 7-9: Battery current (22-bit signed, 1 mA units)
+    // Parse battery current (22-bit signed, 1 mA units)
-    int32_t current = data[7] | (data[8] << 8) | ((data[9] & 0x3F) << 16);
+    // Bits 0-7: currentLow, Bits 8-15: currentMid, Bits 16-21: low 6 bits of currentHigh_consumedLow
-    if (current & 0x200000) { // Sign extend if negative
+    int32_t current = payload->currentLow |
+                     (payload->currentMid << 8) |
+                     ((payload->currentHigh_consumedLow & 0x3F) << 16);
+    // Sign extend from 22 bits to 32 bits
+    if (current & 0x200000) {
         current |= 0xFFC00000;
     }
-    result.current = current * 0.001f;
+    result.current = current * 0.001f; // Convert mA to A
-    
+
-    // Bytes 9-11: Consumed Ah (18-bit signed, 10 mAh units)
+    // Parse consumed Ah (18-bit signed, 10 mAh units)
-    int32_t consumedAh = ((data[9] & 0xC0) >> 6) | (data[10] << 2) | ((data[11] & 0xFF) << 10);
+    // Bits 0-1: high 2 bits of currentHigh_consumedLow, Bits 2-9: consumedMid, Bits 10-17: consumedHigh
-    if (consumedAh & 0x20000) { // Sign extend
+    int32_t consumedAh = ((payload->currentHigh_consumedLow & 0xC0) >> 6) |
+                        (payload->consumedMid << 2) |
+                        (payload->consumedHigh << 10);
+    // Sign extend from 18 bits to 32 bits
+    if (consumedAh & 0x20000) {
         consumedAh |= 0xFFFC0000;
     }
-    result.consumedAh = consumedAh * 0.01f;
+    result.consumedAh = consumedAh * 0.01f; // Convert 10mAh to Ah
-    
+
-    // Bytes 12-13: SOC (10 = 1.0%)
+    // Parse SOC (10-bit value, 10 = 1.0%)
-    uint16_t soc = data[12] | ((data[13] & 0x03) << 8);
+    result.soc = (payload->soc & 0x3FF) * 0.1f;
-    result.soc = soc * 0.1f;
+
-    
     debugPrint("Battery Monitor: " + String(result.voltage, 2) + "V, " +
                String(result.current, 2) + "A, SOC: " + String(result.soc, 1) + "%");
-    
+
     return true;
 }
 
 // Parse Inverter data
 bool VictronBLE::parseInverter(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, InverterData& result) {
-    if (len < 10) {
+    if (len < sizeof(victronInverterPayload)) {
-        debugPrint("Inverter data too short");
+        debugPrint("Inverter data too short: " + String(len) + " bytes");
         return false;
     }
-    
+
-    // Byte 0: Device state
+    // Cast decrypted data to struct for easy access
-    result.state = data[0];
+    const victronInverterPayload* payload = (const victronInverterPayload*)data;
-    
+
-    // Bytes 1-2: Battery voltage (10 mV units)
+    // Parse device state
-    uint16_t vBat = data[1] | (data[2] << 8);
+    result.state = payload->deviceState;
-    result.batteryVoltage = vBat * 0.01f;
+
-    
+    // Parse battery voltage (10 mV units -> volts)
-    // Bytes 3-4: Battery current (10 mA units, signed)
+    result.batteryVoltage = payload->batteryVoltage * 0.01f;
-    int16_t iBat = (int16_t)(data[3] | (data[4] << 8));
+
-    result.batteryCurrent = iBat * 0.01f;
+    // Parse battery current (10 mA units, signed -> amps)
-    
+    result.batteryCurrent = payload->batteryCurrent * 0.01f;
-    // Bytes 5-7: AC Power (1 W units, signed 24-bit)
+
-    int32_t acPower = data[5] | (data[6] << 8) | (data[7] << 16);
+    // Parse AC Power (signed 24-bit, 1 W units)
-    if (acPower & 0x800000) { // Sign extend
+    int32_t acPower = payload->acPowerLow |
+                     (payload->acPowerMid << 8) |
+                     (payload->acPowerHigh << 16);
+    // Sign extend from 24 bits to 32 bits
+    if (acPower & 0x800000) {
         acPower |= 0xFF000000;
     }
     result.acPower = acPower;
-    
+
-    // Byte 8: Alarms
+    // Parse alarm bits
-    uint8_t alarms = data[8];
+    result.alarmLowVoltage = (payload->alarms & 0x01) != 0;
-    result.alarmLowVoltage = (alarms & 0x01) != 0;
+    result.alarmHighVoltage = (payload->alarms & 0x02) != 0;
-    result.alarmHighVoltage = (alarms & 0x02) != 0;
+    result.alarmHighTemperature = (payload->alarms & 0x04) != 0;
-    result.alarmHighTemperature = (alarms & 0x04) != 0;
+    result.alarmOverload = (payload->alarms & 0x08) != 0;
-    result.alarmOverload = (alarms & 0x08) != 0;
+
-    
     debugPrint("Inverter: " + String(result.batteryVoltage, 2) + "V, " +
                String(result.acPower) + "W, State: " + String(result.state));
-    
+
     return true;
 }
 
 // Parse DC-DC Converter data
 bool VictronBLE::parseDCDCConverter(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, DCDCConverterData& result) {
-    if (len < 10) {
+    if (len < sizeof(victronDCDCConverterPayload)) {
-        debugPrint("DC-DC converter data too short");
+        debugPrint("DC-DC converter data too short: " + String(len) + " bytes");
         return false;
     }
-    
+
-    // Byte 0: Charge state
+    // Cast decrypted data to struct for easy access
-    result.chargeState = data[0];
+    const victronDCDCConverterPayload* payload = (const victronDCDCConverterPayload*)data;
-    
+
-    // Bytes 1-2: Input voltage (10 mV units)
+    // Parse charge state
-    uint16_t vIn = data[1] | (data[2] << 8);
+    result.chargeState = payload->chargeState;
-    result.inputVoltage = vIn * 0.01f;
+
-    
+    // Parse error code
-    // Bytes 3-4: Output voltage (10 mV units)
+    result.errorCode = payload->errorCode;
-    uint16_t vOut = data[3] | (data[4] << 8);
+
-    result.outputVoltage = vOut * 0.01f;
+    // Parse input voltage (10 mV units -> volts)
-    
+    result.inputVoltage = payload->inputVoltage * 0.01f;
-    // Bytes 5-6: Output current (10 mA units)
+
-    uint16_t iOut = data[5] | (data[6] << 8);
+    // Parse output voltage (10 mV units -> volts)
-    result.outputCurrent = iOut * 0.01f;
+    result.outputVoltage = payload->outputVoltage * 0.01f;
-    
+
-    // Byte 7: Error code
+    // Parse output current (10 mA units -> amps)
-    result.errorCode = data[7];
+    result.outputCurrent = payload->outputCurrent * 0.01f;
-    
+
     debugPrint("DC-DC Converter: In=" + String(result.inputVoltage, 2) + "V, Out=" +
                String(result.outputVoltage, 2) + "V, " + String(result.outputCurrent, 2) + "A");
-    
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -495,8 +576,8 @@ bool VictronBLE::parseDCDCConverter(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, DCDCConvert
 bool VictronBLE::getSolarChargerData(String macAddress, SolarChargerData& data) {
     String normalizedMAC = normalizeMAC(macAddress);
     auto it = devices.find(normalizedMAC);
-    
+
-    if (it != devices.end() && it->second->data && 
+    if (it != devices.end() && it->second->data &&
         it->second->data->deviceType == DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER) {
         data = *(SolarChargerData*)it->second->data;
         return data.dataValid;
@@ -507,7 +588,7 @@ bool VictronBLE::getSolarChargerData(String macAddress, SolarChargerData& data)
 bool VictronBLE::getBatteryMonitorData(String macAddress, BatteryMonitorData& data) {
     String normalizedMAC = normalizeMAC(macAddress);
     auto it = devices.find(normalizedMAC);
-    
+
     if (it != devices.end() && it->second->data &&
         it->second->data->deviceType == DEVICE_TYPE_BATTERY_MONITOR) {
         data = *(BatteryMonitorData*)it->second->data;
@@ -519,7 +600,7 @@ bool VictronBLE::getBatteryMonitorData(String macAddress, BatteryMonitorData& da
 bool VictronBLE::getInverterData(String macAddress, InverterData& data) {
     String normalizedMAC = normalizeMAC(macAddress);
     auto it = devices.find(normalizedMAC);
-    
+
     if (it != devices.end() && it->second->data &&
         it->second->data->deviceType == DEVICE_TYPE_INVERTER) {
         data = *(InverterData*)it->second->data;
@@ -531,7 +612,7 @@ bool VictronBLE::getInverterData(String macAddress, InverterData& data) {
 bool VictronBLE::getDCDCConverterData(String macAddress, DCDCConverterData& data) {
     String normalizedMAC = normalizeMAC(macAddress);
     auto it = devices.find(normalizedMAC);
-    
+
     if (it != devices.end() && it->second->data &&
         it->second->data->deviceType == DEVICE_TYPE_DCDC_CONVERTER) {
         data = *(DCDCConverterData*)it->second->data;
@@ -543,13 +624,13 @@ bool VictronBLE::getDCDCConverterData(String macAddress, DCDCConverterData& data
 // Get devices by type
 std::vector<String> VictronBLE::getDevicesByType(VictronDeviceType type) {
     std::vector<String> result;
-    
+
     for (const auto& pair : devices) {
         if (pair.second->data && pair.second->data->deviceType == type) {
             result.push_back(pair.first);
         }
     }
-    
+
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -577,7 +658,7 @@ bool VictronBLE::hexStringToBytes(const String& hex, uint8_t* bytes, size_t len)
     if (hex.length() != len * 2) {
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
         String byteStr = hex.substring(i * 2, i * 2 + 2);
         char* endPtr;
@@ -586,7 +667,7 @@ bool VictronBLE::hexStringToBytes(const String& hex, uint8_t* bytes, size_t len)
             return false;
         }
     }
-    
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -604,7 +685,9 @@ String VictronBLE::macAddressToString(BLEAddress address) {
 String VictronBLE::normalizeMAC(String mac) {
     String normalized = mac;
     normalized.toLowerCase();
-    normalized.replace("-", ":");
+    // XXX - is this right, was - to : but not consistent location of pairs or not
+    normalized.replace("-", "");
+    normalized.replace(":", "");
     return normalized;
 }
 
@@ -615,9 +698,10 @@ void VictronBLE::debugPrint(const String& message) {
     }
 }
 
+// XXX Can't we use debugPrintf instead for hex struct etc?
 void VictronBLE::debugPrintHex(const char* label, const uint8_t* data, size_t len) {
     if (!debugEnabled) return;
-    
+
     Serial.print("[VictronBLE] ");
     Serial.print(label);
     Serial.print(": ");

src/VictronBLE.h

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 /**
  * VictronBLE - ESP32 library for Victron Energy BLE devices
- * 
+ *
  * Based on Victron's official BLE Advertising protocol documentation
  * Inspired by hoberman's examples and keshavdv's Python library
- * 
+ *
  * Copyright (c) 2025 Scott Penrose
  * License: MIT
  */
@@ -53,6 +53,73 @@ enum SolarChargerState {
     CHARGER_EXTERNAL_CONTROL = 252
 };
 
+// Binary data structures for decoding BLE advertisements
+// Must use __attribute__((packed)) to prevent compiler padding
+
+// Manufacturer data structure (outer envelope)
+typedef struct {
+    uint16_t vendorID;                 // Victron vendor ID (0x02E1)
+    uint8_t beaconType;                // Should be 0x10 (Product Advertisement)
+    uint8_t modelID;                   // Model identifier byte
+    uint8_t readoutType;               // Type of data readout
+    uint8_t victronRecordType;         // Record type (device type)
+    uint16_t nonceDataCounter;         // Nonce for encryption (IV bytes 0-1)
+    uint8_t encryptKeyMatch;           // Should match pre-shared encryption key byte 0
+    uint8_t victronEncryptedData[21];  // Encrypted payload (max 21 bytes)
+} __attribute__((packed)) victronManufacturerData;
+
+// Decrypted payload structures for each device type
+
+// Solar Charger decrypted payload
+typedef struct {
+    uint8_t deviceState;               // Charge state (SolarChargerState enum)
+    uint8_t errorCode;                 // Error code
+    int16_t batteryVoltage;            // Battery voltage in 10mV units
+    int16_t batteryCurrent;            // Battery current in 10mA units (signed)
+    uint16_t yieldToday;               // Yield today in 10Wh units
+    uint16_t inputPower;               // PV power in 1W units
+    uint16_t loadCurrent;              // Load current in 10mA units (0xFFFF = no load)
+    uint8_t reserved[2];               // Reserved bytes
+} __attribute__((packed)) victronSolarChargerPayload;
+
+// Battery Monitor decrypted payload
+typedef struct {
+    uint16_t remainingMins;            // Time remaining in minutes
+    uint16_t batteryVoltage;           // Battery voltage in 10mV units
+    uint8_t alarms;                    // Alarm bits
+    uint16_t auxData;                  // Aux voltage (10mV) or temperature (0.01K)
+    uint8_t currentLow;                // Battery current bits 0-7
+    uint8_t currentMid;                // Battery current bits 8-15
+    uint8_t currentHigh_consumedLow;   // Current bits 16-21 (low 6 bits), consumed bits 0-1 (high 2 bits)
+    uint8_t consumedMid;               // Consumed Ah bits 2-9
+    uint8_t consumedHigh;              // Consumed Ah bits 10-17
+    uint16_t soc;                      // State of charge in 0.1% units (10-bit value)
+    uint8_t reserved[2];               // Reserved bytes
+} __attribute__((packed)) victronBatteryMonitorPayload;
+
+// Inverter decrypted payload
+typedef struct {
+    uint8_t deviceState;               // Device state
+    uint8_t errorCode;                 // Error code
+    uint16_t batteryVoltage;           // Battery voltage in 10mV units
+    int16_t batteryCurrent;            // Battery current in 10mA units (signed)
+    uint8_t acPowerLow;                // AC Power bits 0-7
+    uint8_t acPowerMid;                // AC Power bits 8-15
+    uint8_t acPowerHigh;               // AC Power bits 16-23 (signed 24-bit)
+    uint8_t alarms;                    // Alarm bits
+    uint8_t reserved[4];               // Reserved bytes
+} __attribute__((packed)) victronInverterPayload;
+
+// DC-DC Converter decrypted payload
+typedef struct {
+    uint8_t chargeState;               // Charge state
+    uint8_t errorCode;                 // Error code
+    uint16_t inputVoltage;             // Input voltage in 10mV units
+    uint16_t outputVoltage;            // Output voltage in 10mV units
+    uint16_t outputCurrent;            // Output current in 10mA units
+    uint8_t reserved[6];               // Reserved bytes
+} __attribute__((packed)) victronDCDCConverterPayload;
+
 // Base structure for all device data
 struct VictronDeviceData {
     String deviceName;
@@ -61,8 +128,8 @@ struct VictronDeviceData {
     int8_t rssi;
     uint32_t lastUpdate;
     bool dataValid;
-    
+
-    VictronDeviceData() : deviceType(DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN), rssi(-100), 
+    VictronDeviceData() : deviceType(DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN), rssi(-100),
                           lastUpdate(0), dataValid(false) {}
 };
 
@@ -75,8 +142,8 @@ struct SolarChargerData : public VictronDeviceData {
     float panelPower;          // W
     uint16_t yieldToday;       // Wh
     float loadCurrent;         // A
-    
+
-    SolarChargerData() : chargeState(CHARGER_OFF), batteryVoltage(0), 
+    SolarChargerData() : chargeState(CHARGER_OFF), batteryVoltage(0),
                          batteryCurrent(0), panelVoltage(0), panelPower(0),
                          yieldToday(0), loadCurrent(0) {
         deviceType = DEVICE_TYPE_SOLAR_CHARGER;
@@ -97,8 +164,8 @@ struct BatteryMonitorData : public VictronDeviceData {
     bool alarmLowSOC;
     bool alarmLowTemperature;
     bool alarmHighTemperature;
-    
+
-    BatteryMonitorData() : voltage(0), current(0), temperature(0), 
+    BatteryMonitorData() : voltage(0), current(0), temperature(0),
                            auxVoltage(0), remainingMinutes(0), consumedAh(0),
                            soc(0), alarmLowVoltage(false), alarmHighVoltage(false),
                            alarmLowSOC(false), alarmLowTemperature(false),
@@ -117,7 +184,7 @@ struct InverterData : public VictronDeviceData {
     bool alarmLowVoltage;
     bool alarmHighTemperature;
     bool alarmOverload;
-    
+
     InverterData() : batteryVoltage(0), batteryCurrent(0), acPower(0),
                      state(0), alarmHighVoltage(false), alarmLowVoltage(false),
                      alarmHighTemperature(false), alarmOverload(false) {
@@ -132,7 +199,7 @@ struct DCDCConverterData : public VictronDeviceData {
     float outputCurrent;       // A
     uint8_t chargeState;
     uint8_t errorCode;
-    
+
     DCDCConverterData() : inputVoltage(0), outputVoltage(0), outputCurrent(0),
                           chargeState(0), errorCode(0) {
         deviceType = DEVICE_TYPE_DCDC_CONVERTER;
@@ -158,7 +225,7 @@ struct VictronDeviceConfig {
     String macAddress;
     String encryptionKey;  // 32 character hex string
     VictronDeviceType expectedType;
-    
+
     VictronDeviceConfig() : expectedType(DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {}
     VictronDeviceConfig(String n, String mac, String key, VictronDeviceType type = DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN)
         : name(n), macAddress(mac), encryptionKey(key), expectedType(type) {}
@@ -169,50 +236,50 @@ class VictronBLE {
 public:
     VictronBLE();
     ~VictronBLE();
-    
+
     // Initialize BLE and start scanning
     bool begin(uint32_t scanDuration = 5);
-    
+
     // Add a device to monitor
     bool addDevice(const VictronDeviceConfig& config);
-    bool addDevice(String name, String macAddress, String encryptionKey, 
+    bool addDevice(String name, String macAddress, String encryptionKey,
                    VictronDeviceType expectedType = DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN);
-    
+
     // Remove a device
     void removeDevice(String macAddress);
-    
+
     // Get device count
     size_t getDeviceCount() const { return devices.size(); }
-    
+
     // Set callback for data updates
     void setCallback(VictronDeviceCallback* cb) { callback = cb; }
-    
+
     // Process scanning (call in loop())
     void loop();
-    
+
     // Get latest data for a device
     bool getSolarChargerData(String macAddress, SolarChargerData& data);
     bool getBatteryMonitorData(String macAddress, BatteryMonitorData& data);
     bool getInverterData(String macAddress, InverterData& data);
     bool getDCDCConverterData(String macAddress, DCDCConverterData& data);
-    
+
     // Get all devices of a specific type
     std::vector<String> getDevicesByType(VictronDeviceType type);
-    
+
     // Enable/disable debug output
     void setDebug(bool enable) { debugEnabled = enable; }
-    
+
     // Get last error message
     String getLastError() const { return lastError; }
-    
+
 private:
     friend class VictronBLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks;
-    
+
     struct DeviceInfo {
         VictronDeviceConfig config;
         VictronDeviceData* data;
         uint8_t encryptionKeyBytes[16];
-        
+
         DeviceInfo() : data(nullptr) {
             memset(encryptionKeyBytes, 0, 16);
         }
@@ -220,7 +287,7 @@ private:
             if (data) delete data;
         }
     };
-    
+
     std::map<String, DeviceInfo*> devices;
     BLEScan* pBLEScan;
     VictronDeviceCallback* callback;
@@ -228,25 +295,25 @@ private:
     String lastError;
     uint32_t scanDuration;
     bool initialized;
-    
+
     // Internal methods
     bool hexStringToBytes(const String& hex, uint8_t* bytes, size_t len);
-    bool decryptAdvertisement(const uint8_t* encrypted, size_t encLen, 
+    bool decryptAdvertisement(const uint8_t* encrypted, size_t encLen,
                               const uint8_t* key, const uint8_t* iv,
                               uint8_t* decrypted);
     bool parseAdvertisement(const uint8_t* manufacturerData, size_t len,
                             const String& macAddress);
     void processDevice(BLEAdvertisedDevice advertisedDevice);
-    
+
     VictronDeviceData* createDeviceData(VictronDeviceType type);
     bool parseSolarCharger(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, SolarChargerData& result);
     bool parseBatteryMonitor(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, BatteryMonitorData& result);
     bool parseInverter(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, InverterData& result);
     bool parseDCDCConverter(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, DCDCConverterData& result);
-    
+
     void debugPrint(const String& message);
     void debugPrintHex(const char* label, const uint8_t* data, size_t len);
-    
+
     String macAddressToString(BLEAddress address);
     String normalizeMAC(String mac);
 };
@@ -256,7 +323,7 @@ class VictronBLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks: public BLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks {
 public:
     VictronBLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(VictronBLE* parent) : victronBLE(parent) {}
     void onResult(BLEAdvertisedDevice advertisedDevice) override;
-    
+
 private:
     VictronBLE* victronBLE;
 };